LintCode & LeetCode
  • Introduction
  • Linked List
    • Sort List
    • Merge Two Sorted Lists
    • Merge k Sorted Lists
    • Linked List Cycle
    • Linked List Cycle II
    • Add Two Numbers II
    • Add Two Numbers
    • Odd Even Linked List
    • Intersection of Two Linked Lists
    • Reverse Linked List
    • Reverse Linked List II
    • Remove Linked List Elements
    • Remove Nth Node From End of List
    • Middle of the Linked List
    • Design Linked List
      • Design Singly Linked List
      • Design Doubly Linked List
    • Palindrome Linked List
    • Remove Duplicates from Sorted List
    • Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II
    • Implement Stack Using Singly Linked List
    • Copy List with Random Pointer
  • Binary Search
    • Search in Rotated Sorted Array
    • Search in Rotated Sorted Array II
    • Search in a Sorted Array of Unknown Size
    • First Bad Version
    • Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
    • Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II
    • Find Peak Element
    • Search for a Range
    • Find K Closest Elements
    • Search Insert Position
    • Peak Index in a Mountain Array
    • Heaters
  • Hash Table
    • Jewels and Stones
    • Single Number
    • Subdomain Visit Count
    • Design HashMap
    • Design HashSet
    • Logger Rate Limiter
    • Isomorphic Strings
    • Minimum Index Sum of Two Lists
    • Contains Duplicate II
    • Contains Duplicate III
    • Longest Consecutive Sequence
    • Valid Sudoku
    • Distribute Candies
    • Shortest Word Distance
    • Shortest Word Distance II
  • String
    • Rotate String
    • Add Binary
    • Implement strStr()
    • Longest Common Prefix
    • Reverse Words in a String
    • Reverse Words in a String II
    • Reverse Words in a String III
    • Valid Word Abbreviation
    • Group Anagrams
    • Unique Email Addresses
    • Next Closest Time
    • License Key Formatting
    • String to Integer - atoi
    • Ransom Note
    • Multiply Strings
    • Text Justification
    • Reorder Log Files
    • Most Common Word
    • Valid Parenthesis String
    • K-Substring with K different characters
    • Find All Anagrams in a String
    • Find the Closest Palindrome
    • Simplify Path
  • Array
    • Partition Array
    • Median of Two Sorted Arrays
    • Intersection of Two Arrays
    • Intersection of Two Arrays II
    • Maximum Subarray Sum
    • Minimum Subarray Sum
    • Maximum Subarray II
    • Maximum Subarray III
    • Subarray Sum Closest
    • Subarray Sum
    • Plus One
    • Maximum Subarray Difference
    • Maximum Subarray IV
    • Subarray Sum Equals K
    • Intersection of Two Arrays
    • Intersection of Two Arrays II
    • Find Pivot Index
    • Rotate Array
    • Get Smallest Nonnegative Integer Not In The Array
    • Maximize Distance to Closest Person
    • Sort Colors
    • Next Permutation
    • Rotate Image
    • Pour Water
    • Prison Cells After N Days
    • Majority Element
    • Can Place Flowers
    • Candy
  • Matrix
    • Spiral Matrix
    • Set Matrix Zeroes
    • Diagonal Traverse
  • Queue
    • Design Circular Queue
    • Implement Queue using Stacks
    • Implement Queue by Two Stacks
    • Implement Stack using Queues
    • Moving Average from Data Stream
    • Walls and Gates
    • Open the Lock
    • Sliding Window Maximum
    • Implement Queue Using Fixed Length Array
    • Animal Shelter
  • Stack
    • Valid Parentheses
    • Longest Valid Parentheses
    • Min Stack
    • Max Stack
    • Daily Temperatures
    • Evaluate Reverse Polish Notation
    • Next Greater Element I
    • Next Greater Element II
    • Next Greater Element III
    • Largest Rectangle in Histogram
    • Maximal Rectangle
    • Car Fleet
  • Heap
    • Trapping Rain Water II
    • The Skyline Problem
    • Top K Frequent Words
    • Top K Frequent Words II
    • Top K Frequent Elements
    • Top k Largest Numbers
    • Top k Largest Numbers II
    • Minimum Cost to Hire K Workers
    • Kth Largest Element in an Array
    • Kth Smallest Number in Sorted Matrix
    • Kth Smallest Sum In Two Sorted Arrays
    • K Closest Points to the Origin
    • Merge K Sorted Lists
    • Merge K Sorted Arrays
    • Top K Frequent Words - Map Reduce
  • Data Structure & Design
    • Hash Function
    • Heapify
    • LRU Cache
    • LFU Cache
    • Rehashing
    • Stack Sorting
    • Animal Shelter
    • Sliding Window Maximum
    • Moving Average from Data Stream
    • Find Median from Data Stream
    • Sliding Window Median
    • Design Hit Counter
    • Read N Characters Given Read4 II - Call multiple times
    • Read N Characters Given Read4
    • Flatten 2D Vector
    • Flatten Nested List Iterator
    • Design Search Autocomplete System
    • Time Based Key-Value Store
    • Design Tic-Tac-Toe
    • Insert Delete GetRandom O(1)
  • Union Find
    • Find the Connected Component in the Undirected Graph
    • Find the Weak Connected Component in the Directed Graph
    • Graph Valid Tree
    • Number of Islands
    • Number of Islands II
    • Surrounded Regions
    • Most Stones Removed with Same Row or Column
    • Redundant Connection
  • Trie
    • Implement Trie
    • Add and Search Word
    • Word Search II
    • Longest Word in Dictionary
    • Palindrome Pairs
    • Trie Serialization
    • Trie Service
    • Design Search Autocomplete System
    • Typeahead
  • Trees
    • Binary Tree Inorder Traversal
    • Binary Tree Postorder Traversal
    • Binary Tree Preorder Traversal
    • Binary Tree Level Order Traversal
    • Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal
    • Binary Tree Vertical Order Traversal
    • N-ary Tree Level Order Traversal
    • N-ary Tree Preorder Traversal
    • N-ary Tree Postorder Traversal
    • Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal
    • Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node
    • Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node II
    • Maximum Depth of Binary Tree
    • Symmetric Tree
    • Validate Binary Search Tree
    • Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree
    • Path Sum
    • Path Sum II
    • Path Sum III
    • Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum
    • Kth Smallest Element in a BST
    • Same Tree
    • Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
    • Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree
    • Nested List Weight Sum II
    • BST Node Distance
    • Minimum Distance (Difference) Between BST Nodes
    • Closet Common Manager
    • N-ary Tree Postorder Traversal
    • Serialize and Deserialize Binary Tree
    • Serialize and Deserialize N-ary Tree
    • Diameter of a Binary Tree
    • Print Binary Trees
  • Segment Tree
    • Segment Tree Build
    • Range Sum Query - Mutable
  • Binary Indexed Tree
  • Graph & Search
    • Clone Graph
    • N Queens
    • Six Degrees
    • Number of Islands
    • Number of Distinct Islands
    • Word Search
    • Course Schedule
    • Course Schedule II
    • Word Ladder
    • Redundant Connection
    • Redundant Connection II
    • Longest Increasing Path in a Matrix
    • Reconstruct Itinerary
    • The Maze
    • The Maze II
    • The Maze III
    • Topological Sorting
    • Island Perimeter
    • Flood Fill
    • Cheapest Flights Within K Stops
    • Evaluate Division
    • Alien Dictionary
    • Cut Off Trees for Golf Event
    • Jump Game II
    • Most Stones Removed with Same Row or Column
  • Backtracking
    • Subsets
    • Subsets II
    • Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
    • Permutations
    • Permutations II
    • Combinations
    • Combination Sum
    • Combination Sum II
    • Combination Sum III
    • Combination Sum IV
    • N-Queens
    • N-Queens II
    • Generate Parentheses
    • Subsets of Size K
  • Two Pointers
    • Two Sum II
    • Triangle Count
    • Trapping Rain Water
    • Container with Most Water
    • Minimum Size Subarray Sum
    • Minimum Window Substring
    • Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
    • Longest Substring with At Most K Distinct Characters
    • Longest Substring with At Most Two Distinct Characters
    • Fruit Into Baskets
    • Nuts & Bolts Problem
    • Valid Palindrome
    • The Smallest Difference
    • Reverse String
    • Remove Element
    • Max Consecutive Ones
    • Max Consecutive Ones II
    • Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array
    • Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II
    • Move Zeroes
    • Longest Repeating Character Replacement
    • 3Sum With Multiplicity
    • Merge Sorted Array
    • 3Sum Smaller
    • Backspace String Compare
  • Mathematics
    • Ugly Number
    • Ugly Number II
    • Super Ugly Number
    • Sqrt(x)
    • Random Number 1 to 7 With Equal Probability
    • Pow(x, n)
    • Narcissistic Number
    • Rectangle Overlap
    • Happy Number
    • Add N Days to Given Date
    • Reverse Integer
    • Greatest Common Divisor or Highest Common Factor
  • Bit Operation
    • IP to CIDR
  • Random
    • Random Pick with Weight
    • Random Pick Index
    • Linked List Random Node
  • Dynamic Programming
    • House Robber
    • House Robber II
    • House Robber III
    • Longest Increasing Continuous Subsequence
    • Longest Increasing Continuous Subsequence II
    • Coins in a Line
    • Coins in a Line II
    • Coins in a Line III
    • Maximum Product Subarray
    • Longest Palindromic Substring
    • Stone Game
    • Burst Balloons
    • Perfect Squares
    • Triangle
    • Pascal's Triangle
    • Pascal's Triangle II
    • Min Cost Climbing Stairs
    • Climbing Stairs
    • Unique Paths
    • Unique Paths II
    • Minimum Path Sum
    • Word Break
    • Word Break II
    • Range Sum Query - Immutable
    • Decode Ways
    • Edit Distance
    • Unique Binary Search Trees
    • Unique Binary Search Trees II
    • Maximal Rectangle
    • Maximal Square
    • Regular Expression Matching
    • Wildcard Matching
    • Flip Game II
    • Longest Increasing Subsequence
    • Target Sum
    • Partition Equal Subset Sum
    • Coin Change
    • Jump Game
    • Can I Win
    • Maximum Sum Rectangle in a 2D Matrix
    • Cherry Pick
  • Knapsack
    • Backpack
    • Backpack II
    • Backpack III
    • Backpack IV
    • Backpack V
    • Backpack VI
    • Backpack VII
    • Coin Change
    • Coin Change II
  • High Frequency
    • 2 Sum Closest
    • 3 Sum
    • 3 Sum Closest
    • Sort Colors II
    • Majority Number
    • Majority Number II
    • Majority Number III
    • Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock
    • Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II
    • Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III
    • Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock IV
    • Two Sum
    • Two Sum II - Input array is sorted
    • Two Sum III - Data structure design
    • Two Sum IV - Input is a BST
    • 4 Sum
    • 4 Sum II
  • Sorting
  • Greedy
    • Jump Game II
    • Remove K Digits
  • Minimax
    • Nim Game
    • Can I Win
  • Sweep Line & Interval
    • Meeting Rooms
    • Meeting Rooms II
    • Merge Intervals
    • Insert Interval
    • Number of Airplanes in the Sky
    • Exam Room
    • Employee Free Time
    • Closest Pair of Points
    • My Calendar I
    • My Calendar II
    • My Calendar III
    • Add Bold Tag in String
  • Other Algorithms and Data Structure
    • Huffman Coding
    • Reservoir Sampling
    • Bloom Filter
    • External Sorting
    • Construct Quad Tree
  • Company Tag
    • Google
      • Guess the Word
      • Raindrop on Sidewalk
    • Airbnb
      • Display Pages (Pagination)
    • Amazon
  • Problem Solving Summary
    • String or Array Rotation
    • Tips for Avoiding Bugs
    • Substring or Subarray Search
    • Sliding Window
    • K Sums
    • Combination Sum Series
    • Knapsack Problems
    • Depth-first Search
    • Large Number Operation
    • Implementation - Simulation
    • Monotonic Stack & Queue
    • Top K Problems
    • Java Interview Tips
      • OOP in Java
      • Conversion in Java
      • Data Structures in Java
    • Algorithm Optimization Tips
  • Reference
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On this page
  • Summary
  • 1. “对撞型”或“相会型”
  • Two Sum类题目思路
  • 灌水类型题目思路
  • Partition类模板
  • 相会型指针题目
  • 2. 前向型或者追击型
  • 窗口类
  • 快慢类
  • 前向型指针题目
  • 两个数组两个指针
  • Two-pointer Technique - Scenario I (相会型)
  • Two-pointer Technique - Scenario II (快慢型)
  • Sliding Window Problem

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Two Pointers

Summary

 两个指针
• 对撞型 (2 sum 类 和 partition 类)
• 前向型 (窗口类, 快慢类)
• 两个数组,两个指针 (并行)
模板
• 2 Sum类模板
• Partition 类模板
• 窗口类模板

1. “对撞型”或“相会型”

Two Sum类题目思路

if (A[i] + A[j] > sum)
    j--;
    do something
else if (A[i] + A[j] < sum)
    i++;
    do something
else
    do something
    i++ or j--

灌水类型题目思路

if (A[i] > A[j])
    j--
else if (A[i] < A[j])
    i++
else
    i++ or j--

这一类通过对撞型指针优化算法,根本上其实要证明就是不用扫描多余状态

// Give an array arr[]
int left = 0;
int right = arr.length - 1;

while(left < right) {
    if(arr[left] 和 arr[right] 满足某一条件) {
        // Do something
        right --; // 不用考虑[left + 1, right - 1] 和 right 组成的pair
    } else if (arr[left] 和 arr[right] 不满足某一条件) {
        left ++; // 不用考虑[left + 1, right - 1] 和 left 组成的pair
    }
}

Partition类模板

public int partition(int[] nums, int l, int r) {
    // 初始化左右指针和pivot
    int left = l, right = r;
    int pivot = nums[left];

    // 进行 partition
    while (left < right) {
        while (left < right && nums[right] >= pivot) {
            right--;
        }
        nums[left] = nums[right];
        while (left < right && nums[left] <= pivot) {
            left++;
        }
        nums[right] == nums[left];
    }

    // 返还pivot点到数组里
    nums[left] = pivot;
    return left;
}

Partition 另一种模板

public void swap(int[] nums, int x, int y) {
    int tmp = nums[x];
    nums[x] = nums[y];
    nums[y] = tmp;
}

public int partition(int[] nums, int left, int right) {

    Random rand = new Random();
    int pivotIndex = rand.nextInt((right - left) + 1) + left;
    // Init pivot
    int pivotValue = nums[pivotIndex];

    swap(nums, pivotIndex, right);

    // First index that nums[firstIndex] > pivotValue
    int firstIndex = left;

    for (int i = left; i <= right - 1; i++) {
        if (nums[i] < pivotValue) {
            swap(nums, firstIndex, i);
            firstIndex++;
        }
    }

    // Recover pivot to array
    swap(nums, right, firstIndex);
    return firstIndex;
}

相会型指针题目

  • 2 Sum 类 (通过判断条件优化算法)

    • 3 Sum Closest

    • 4 Sum

    • 3 Sum

    • Two sum II

    • Triangle Count

    • Trapping Rain Water

    • Container With Most Water

  • Partition 类

    • Partition-array

    • Sort Colors

    • Partition Array by Odd and Even

    • Sort Letters by Case

    • Valid Palindrome

    • quick sort\/ quick select\/ nuts bolts problem\/wiggle sort II

2. 前向型或者追击型

窗口类

窗口类指针移动模板

通过两层for循环改进算法 --- 不同于sliding window

优化类型:

* 优化思想通过两层for循环而来
* 外层指针依然是依次遍历
* 内层指针证明是否需要回退
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    while (j < n) {
        if (满足条件)
            j++
            更行j状态
        else (不满足条件)
            break
    }
    更新i状态
}

快慢类

ListNode fast, slow;
fast = head.next;
slow = head;
while (fast != slow) {
    if(fast==null || fast.next==null)
        return false;
    fast = fast.next.next;
    slow = slow.next;
}
return true;

前向型指针题目

  • 窗口类

    • Remove Nth Node From End of List

    • minimum-size-subarray-sum

    • Minimum Window Substring

    • Longest Substring with At Most K Distinct Characters

    • Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters

    • Longest Repeating Character Replacement

  • 快慢类

    • Find the Middle of Linked L

两个数组两个指针

两个数组各找一个元素, 使得和等于target

  1. 找一种

  2. 找全部种类

From @LeetCode

Two-pointer Technique - Scenario I (相会型)

One of the typical scenarios to use two-pointer technique is you want to:

Iterate the array from two ends to the middle.

So that you can use the two-pointer technique:

One pointer starts from the beginning while the other pointer starts from the end.

This technique is often used in a sorted array.

Two-pointer Technique - Scenario II (快慢型)

two pointers with different steps to solve problems.

Scenario:

One slow-runner and one fast-runner at the same time.

The key to solving this kind of problems is to

Determine the movement strategy for both pointers.

Similar to the previous scenario, you might sometimes need to sort the array before using the two-pointer technique. And you might need a greedy thought to determine your movement strategy.

应用场景

Two Pointer Technique can be used to solve:

  • Sliding Window Problem

Sliding Window Problem

PreviousSubsets of Size KNextTwo Sum II

Last updated 5 years ago

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